Kalaman da ya dace da kalma don "mai ƙarfi" a cikin Jamusanci shine "Cowhide".
Da farko, an yi amfani da albarkatun ƙasa don takarda. Bayan haka, tare da kirkirar Warhery, ana amfani da hanyar juyi na injin na inji, kuma an sarrafa kayan abinci zuwa abubuwa masu kyau ta hanyar Hujur. A cikin 1750, da ta kirkirar da Netherlands ƙirƙira takarda, kuma an fara samar da takarda babba. Buƙatar mai ba da takarda mai ba da takarda tana da yawa fiye da wadatar.
Saboda haka, a farkon karni, mutane sun fara bincike da haɓaka madadin kayan buɗe ido. A cikin 1845, Keira ya ƙirƙira ƙasa mai katako. Wannan nau'in ɓangaren litattafan almara ne daga itace kuma an murƙushe cikin zaruruwa ta hanyar hydraulic ko matsin lamba. Koyaya, ƙasa itace pulp din riƙe da kusan dukkanin abubuwan da aka kera kayan itace, tare da gajere da fashin teku, da ƙarfi mai rauni, da sauƙi mai sauƙi, da sauki rawaya, da sauki da sauki. Koyaya, wannan nau'in ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren yana da haɓaka mai amfani da farashi kaɗan. Nika nika pulp na itace ana amfani dashi don yin sabon kaya da kwali.
A cikin 1857, Hutton ya kirkiro abin sunadarai. Wannan nau'in ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara, sulfate ɓangaren litattafan almara, da caustic soda pickp, ya danganta da wakili na dillification da aka yi amfani da shi. Hanyar soda ta soda mai caustic da Hardon ya shafi tururi albarkatun kayan kwalliya a cikin maganin sodium hydroxide a babban zazzabi da matsin lamba. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don amfani da bishiyoyi masu yadawa da tushe kamar kayan shuka.
A cikin 1866, Chiruman ya gano sulfite bulu, wanda aka yi ta ƙara albarkatun sulfite da matsin lamba don cire ƙazanta kamar yadda ake amfani da shi. Za a iya amfani da ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara da katako mai gauraye tare da albarkatun ƙasa don masana ɓoyayyen, yayin da ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara ya dace da samar da ƙwararrun takarda da tsakiyar kewayon.
A cikin 1883, DARU, DARU da aka kirkiro ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda ke amfani da cakuda sodium hydroxide da sodium sulfide na matsanancin matsakaici da dafa abinci mai zafi. Saboda yawan ƙarfin fiber na ɓangaren litattafan almara da aka samar ta wannan hanyar, ana kiranta "sanyin saniya". Kraft Pulp yana da wahala bleach saboda saura launin ruwan kasa mai launin fata, amma yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, saboda haka matuƙar takarda ya dace sosai don kunshin takarda. Hakanan za'a iya ƙara wasu takarda ga sauran takarda don yin takarda buga takardu, amma ana amfani dashi don takarda kraft da takarda mai rarrafe. Gabaɗaya, tunda fitowar ɗakunan sunadarai kamar sulfite ɓangaren litattafan almara, takarda ta canza daga abu mai sauƙi ga kayan alatu zuwa mahaɗan mai arha.
A cikin 1907, Turai ta ci gaba da jing-zalla da HMP Mixed UBP. A wannan shekarar, Amurka ta kafa masana'antar Kraft takarar farko. An san Bates a matsayin wanda ya kafa "jakunkuna na kwarya". Da farko ya yi amfani da takarda kraft don kwantena na gishiri kuma daga baya sun sami lambar mallaka don "Bates Dabba".
A shekara ta 1918, Amurka da Jamus sun fara samar da jakunkuna na Kraft. Houston "Karatu na da takaddun takarda mai nauyi" wanda aka gabatar kuma ya fara fitowa a wancan lokacin.
Kamfanin takarda Santo Reekis a Amurka cikin nasarar shiga kasuwar Turai ta amfani da jakar dinki, wanda daga nan aka gabatar wa Japan a shekarar 1927.
Lokacin Post: Mar-08-2024